Self-inquiry

Self-inquiry (Atma Vichara) is the direct path to Self-realization taught by Ramana Maharshi. Rather than controlling the mind or practicing concentration, self-inquiry goes straight to the root of the ego by questioning its very existence.

When a thought arises, instead of following it outward, you turn attention back to its source by asking "Who am I?" or "To whom does this thought arise?" This is not an intellectual exercise seeking a verbal answer, but a turning of attention toward the sense of 'I' itself.

As inquiry deepens, the 'I'-thought is traced back to its origin in pure awareness. The false self, which seemed so solid, is revealed to have no independent existence. What remains is the Self—pure, unchanging awareness that was always present but overlooked.

Sit quietly and notice thoughts arising. Instead of engaging with the content, turn attention to the one who is aware of the thought. Ask "Who am I?" not seeking a verbal answer, but feeling into the sense of 'I' itself. Follow this feeling back to its source. When the mind wanders, gently return to the inquiry.

The most common obstacle is treating self-inquiry as an intellectual question to be answered, rather than a turning of attention. Another obstacle is expecting dramatic experiences—the truth is simple and ever-present. Some practitioners also struggle with the subtlety of the 'I'-feeling, trying too hard instead of relaxing into natural awareness.